Most machine guns of World War 1 were based on Hiram Maxim’s 1884 design. ![]() The American Springfield used a bolt-action design that so closely copied Mauser’s M1989 that the US Government had to pay a licensing fee to Mauser, a practice that continued until America entered the war. The Central Powers employed Steyr–Mannlicher M95 (Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria), Mauser M98G 7.92mm (Germany), and Mauser M1877 7.65mm (Turkey). 303 (Britain and Commonwealth), Lebel and Berthier 8mm (France), Mannlicher–Carcano M1891, 6.5mm (Italy), Mosin–Nagant M1891 7.62 (Russia), and Springfield 1903. The rifles most commonly used by the major combatants were, among the Allies, the Lee-Enfield. WW1 Weapons: Tanks, Guns, Flamethrowers & More | HistoryNet CloseĪll nations used more than one type of firearm during the First World War.
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